The difference among Application Programs, System Programs and System Calls: Application program: a program used to interpret the semantic content of messages entered by the end user of the system. System Program: a program, that provides system services to application programs and also controls some aspect of the operation of a computer is termed as system program. System services here …
Contiki Operating System and Cooja Simulator for Wireless Sensor Networks
What is Operating System? Operating system (OS) provides an interface between user programs and specified hardware. For different types of hardwares, we require different types of operating systems. For example, Hardware Operating System Mobile Phones Android, iOS, Windows Laptops and Desktops Linux, Window and Mac Sensor Motes TinyOS, Contiki, YATOS, MANTIS We choose the operating systems based on our hardware …
Introduction to Operating Systems
What is an operating system? Before moving ahead, I would like to ask you “what comes in your mind regarding Operating System?” some of them can be: Windows Ubuntu A complected software Buttons and icons Desktop Folders Media player and so on….. Operating system An operating system is a program which provides you: An interface through which you can use …
Process Management: Operating Systems
What is a process A program in execution is called as a process. A process is an active entity, means it can be a cause of change in system’s state/data/elements. when does a program becomes a process A program is a file stored on secondary storage which contains, set of instruction written for some specific purpose. When this program is …
Pointer in C/C++
A pointer is a constant or variable that contains an address of another variable of same type and in future, same address can be used to access the variable. Syntax for pointer declaration: So, using above syntax we can declare any type (built-in or derived) of pointer variable. In following figure, three built-in type of pointer variable has been created …
fork() system call – Operating System
When a process invokes/calls fork() function, a new process is created which has the same address space. As the address space is copied => PC (program counter) will also has the same value as old process has. That means the newly created process (also called as child process) will start executing from the instruction, parent process is currently executing => …
2-Dimensional (2 D) Array: memory aspect
A 2-D array can be logically think of array of arrays as shown below: Let’s have a program to understand 2-D array better: output a=0x7ffd8da57dc0 &a=0x7ffd8da57dc0 a[0]=0x7ffd8da57dc0 &a[0][0]=0x7ffd8da57dc0 a[1]=0x7ffd8da57dc8 &a[1][0]=0x7ffd8da57dc8 a[2]=0x7ffd8da57dd0 &a[2][0]=0x7ffd8da57dd0 Note: these values may vary, as the allocated memory location may change every time when a program is executed. The memory view of above program can be analyzed …
Array: memory aspect
An array can be defined as finite collection of homogeneous data, stored in contiguous memory locations. Where, finite: means the number of elements to be stored in array has to be predefined finite number. homogeneous: all the elements of the array should be of same type (i.e. int, char, float etc.). contiguous: all the elements of the array should be …
Print environment variables – C Program
In this article, we will discuss about a C program to print environment variables. Environment variables are a set of dynamic named values that can affect the way running processes will behave on a computer. In the main function, The third argument envp gives the program’s environment. env is available as an argument to main function, as envp – an array …
BSNL TTA/JE Answer Key 2016 ( All SETs)
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) has issued a notification for the recruitment of 2700 Junior Engineer vacancies on temporary or permanent basis. They conduct online examination in different phases and random sets. The solution key of all the sets can be found below. SET-1A SET-1B SET-2A …